父母离异对中学生心理虐待与忽视的影响

Impact of parental divorce on psychological abuse and neglect among middle and high school students

目的探讨父母离异对中学生心理虐待与忽视的影响,为制定家庭干预策略促进中学生心理健康提供依据。方法于2021年7月—2022年7月,采用分层随机整群抽样法纳入四川省南充市、内江市、泸州市23所初、高中学校的12773名学生,使用一般资料调查表、儿童心理虐待与忽视量表(CPANS)进行在线问卷调查,采用倾向评分匹配法(PSM)对父母离异组和对照组进行1∶1匹配,将匹配后个体特征进行比较,使用χ^(2)检验分析各变量在心理虐待与忽视间的差异,分别以心理虐待、忽视为因变量进行Logistic回归分析。结果匹配后父母离异组及对照组均为1898例。两组在性别构成上差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.03,P>0.05)。调整性别、学段、父母学历、住校、长期照顾者等混杂因素后,相较于对照组,父母离异组中学生遭受心理虐待的风险(OR=1.43,95%CI=1.26~1.63)、忽视的风险(OR=1.53,95%CI=1.33~1.75)均增加(P值均<0.05)。结论父母离异对中学生心理虐待与忽视有重要影响,应加强对离异或不稳定婚姻家庭中学生的支持与干预。

Objective To investigate how parental divorce impacts psychological abuse and neglect among middle and high school students,so as to provide evidence for the development of family intervention strategies for mental health promotion.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was employed to select students from 23 middle and high schools in Nanchong,Neijiang,and Luzhou.Online questionnaires utilizing the General Data Questionnaire and the Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale(CPANS)were administered.Propensity-score matching(PSM)was used to compare individual characteristics between parent-divorce and the control groups.The χ^(2) test was then employed to analyze differences in psychological abuse and neglect across variables,with Logistic regression used to treat psychological abuse and neglect as dependent variables.Results After PSM,there were 1898 cases in both parent-divorce and control groups.There was no significant difference in gender composition between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.03,P>0.05).Compared to the control group,after controlling for various factors including gender,phase of studying,parental education,whether to live in school,and long-term caregivers of the student,the risk of experiencing psychological abuse(OR=1.43,95%CI=1.26-1.63)and neglect(OR=1.53,95%CI=1.33-1.75)was significantly higher in parent-divorce group(P<0.05).Conclusions Parental divorce significantly impacts psychological abuse and neglect experienced by middle and high school students.Therefore,support and intervention efforts should be intensified for students from divorced or unstable marriage families.