照顾者对中枢性性早熟患儿注射醋酸亮丙瑞林(缓释)微球后发生局部不良反应的知信行调查

Knowledge-attitude-practice survey of caregivers regarding local adverse reactions in children with central precocious puberty after injection of leuprorelin acetate(extended-release)microspheres:a survey in the caregivers

目的 调查照顾者对中枢性性早熟患儿注射醋酸亮丙瑞林(缓释)微球后发生局部不良反应的知信行情况,并分析其原因。方法 采用自行设计的问卷对首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院门诊注射室的468例使用醋酸亮丙瑞林(缓释)微球的患儿照顾者进行问卷调查。结果 回收有效问卷共459份,照顾者对注射部位不良反应的了解情况、态度及护理应对总得分为(116.92±20.84)分。了解情况得分为(53.93±14.31)分,态度得分为(20.58±4.04)分,护理应对得分为(42.40±8.26)分。不同职业类型、患儿就诊类型、患儿皮肤不良反应发生次数对照顾者的了解情况得分有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同患儿用药时间、患儿皮肤不良反应发生次数对照顾者的态度得分、护理应对得分有影响,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析结果显示,照顾者职业类型、患儿出现皮肤不良反应次数是照顾者对患儿注射部位不良反应的了解情况得分的影响因素(P=0.047,P<0.001);患儿用药时间、出现皮肤不良反应次数是照顾者对患儿注射部位产生不良反应的态度得分(P<0.001,P=0.001)、护理应对得分(P=0.003,P=0.003)的影响因素。结论 照顾者对中枢性性早熟患儿注射醋酸亮丙瑞林(缓释)微球后发生局部不良反应有一定护理应对能力,但照顾者对相关知识了解有限,护理人员应积极通过口头宣教、科普视频等方式,提高照顾者对患儿用药期间相关护理知识的了解情况与重视程度。

Objective To investigate the knowledge-attitude-practice situation of caregivers regarding of local adverse reactions in children with central precocious puberty after injection of leuprolide acetate(extended-release)microspheres and to analyze the reasons.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey 468 caregivers of children using leuprolide acetate(extended-release)microspheres in the outpatient injection room of Beijing Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University.Results A total of 459 questionnaires were validly returned.The total score for caregiver′s knowledge,attitude and nursing response to injection site adverse reactions was(116.92±20.84),in which,the knowledge score was(53.93±14.31),attitude score was(20.58±4.04),and nursing response score was(42.40±8.26).There were significant differences in the knowledge scores of caregivers with different occupational types,types of patient visits,and frequency of skin adverse reactions in patients(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the attitude scores and nursing response scores of caregivers with different medication duration and incidence of skin adverse reactions in patients(P<0.05).The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the occupational type of caregivers and the frequency of skin adverse reactions in patients were the influencing factors for caregiver's knowledge scores of adverse reactions at the injection site(P=0.047,P<0.001).The duration of medication and the frequency of skin adverse reactions in patients were influencing factors for the attitude scores(P<0.001,P=0.001)and nursing response scores(P=0.003,P=0.003)of caregivers towards adverse reactions at the injection site of the patients.Conclusion Caregivers have certain ability of nursing response to local adverse reactions following leuprolide acetate(extended-release)microsphere injections in children with central precocious puberty.Caregivers have limited understanding of relevant knowledge,and nursing staff should actively improve their understanding and attention to nursing knowledge related to the medication period of the child through oral education,science popularization videos,etc.