从剩余价值危机到欧元危机

From the Crisis in Surplus Value to the Crisis in the Euro

本文分析了2008年“次贷危机”以来,欧元区面临的债务危机及其引发的欧元危机背后的根本矛盾。通过介绍欧元的诞生,本文展示了欧元区各国由于产业技术和生产率差异的持续存在,使得统一货币下各国企业的竞争力差异体现为国际收支的分化,并带来了逆差国财政状况的持续恶化。基于劳动价值论和不平等交换理论的分析表明,逆差国并不能通过退出欧元区实现本币贬值来恢复经济增长。欧元区需要的是体系改革,以提高经济落后国家的技术水平和生产率。然而,国家之间利益分歧和居于领导地位的德国内部不同集团间的利益与路线差异使得欧元区的改革举步维艰,直至危机爆发。

This paper analyzes the debt crisis faced by the euro zone since the"subprime mortgage crisis"in 2008 and the fundamental contradictions behind the euro crisis caused by it.By introducing the birth of the euro,the article shows that the differences in the competitiveness of enterprises in the euro zone under the unified currency reflect the differentiation of the balance of payments due to the persistent differences in industrial technology and productivity,and bring about the continuous deterioration of the financial situation of deficit countries.The analysis based on labor value theory and unequal exchange theory shows that deficit countries can't recover economic growth by exiting the euro zone and depreciating their currencies.What the euro zone needs is systemic reform to improve the technical level and productivity of economically backward countries.However,the differences in interests between countries and the differences in interests and routes among different groups in Germany,which is in the leading position,made the reform of the euro zone difficult until the crisis broke out.