生物炭催化剂在热解气净化提质中的研究进展

Research Progress of Biochar Catalysts in Improving Pyrolysis Syngas Quality

生物质能源以其绿色、低碳、清洁和可再生的特点,越来越受到社会各界的关注,利用可再生生物质获取碳氢能源和化学品对于解决能源危机至关重要。生物炭作为生物质转化的副产物,以其价格低廉、来源广泛等优点,在环境、农业、材料、能源等领域受到广泛关注。然而,目前对生物炭的研究主要集中在环境修复领域的应用,而生物炭作为催化剂或催化剂载体的研究较少。生物炭由于其巨大的比表面积、丰富的官能团和复杂的网络结构,作为催化剂和催化剂载体具有广阔的应用前景。此外,引入生物炭作为催化剂有利于提高生物质转化过程的经济效益。综述了利用生物质合成作为催化剂和催化剂载体的生物炭研究进展,及其在热解气净化提质中的应用,从生物炭催化剂的活化改性、负载金属种类和负载方法以及在热解气净化提质中应用这3个方面进行讨论,旨在为实现并拓宽生物炭在环境催化领域中的实际工业化应用提供指导。

In the face of the depletion of fossil energy supply and the worsening ecological environment,people have to think about the energy problem of human society,and the development of clean renewable energy such as solar energy,geothermal energy,wind energy and biomass energy has been paid more and more attention.As a by-product of biomass conversion,biochar has been widely concerned in the fields of environment,agriculture,materials and energy due to its low price and extensive sources.However,the current research on biochar mainly focuses on its application in the field of environmental remediation,and fewer researches on biochar as catalyst or catalyst carrier.Biochar has broad application prospects as catalyst and catalyst carrier because of its huge specific surface area,rich functional groups.In addition,the introduction of biochar as catalyst is beneficial to improve the economic efficiency of biomass conversion process.In this paper,the research progress of biochar as catalyst and catalyst carrier in biomass synthesis and its application in pyrolysis gas purification and quality improvement were reviewed.The activation modification of biochar catalyst,types and loading methods of metal support and its application in pyrolysis syngas purification and quality improvement were discussed,providing guidance for realizing and expanding the practical industrial application of biochar in the field of environmental catalysis.