涉嫌违法犯罪者家庭连带责任的合宪性分析

The Constitutionality of the Joint Liability for Family Members of Suspected Offenders

由地方议事协调机构通过规范性文件针对违法犯罪嫌疑人的家庭成员和近亲属设定连带责任存在多重违宪风险。在实体内容方面,相关惩戒措施违背了责任自负原则、破坏了基于人格独立的以互惠和对等为基本准则的家庭秩序。在决策主体方面,由地方议事协调机构设置惩戒措施违背了人民代表大会制度下国家权力运行的基本要求。在决策形式方面,由不具立法位阶的规范性文件设定一系列限制基本权利的惩戒措施构成实质行使立法权,明显违背了法律保留原则。全国人民代表大会常务委员会法制工作委员会的备案审查对于保障公民基本权利、维护宪法权威具有重要的现实意义。

There are multiple violations of the Constitution in the establishment of joint liability for family members and close relatives of persons suspected of committing criminal offenses through the adoption of normative documents by local deliberative and coordinating bodies.In terms of substantive content,the disciplinary measures in question violate the principle of self-responsibility and undermine the family order,which is based on the fundamental rules of reciprocity and equality based on personality independence.With regard to the subject of decision-making,the establishment of disciplinary measures by a deliberative and coordinating body violates the basic requirements for the operation of state power under the system of people's congresses.In terms of the form of decision-making,the establishment of a series of disciplinary measures restricting fundamental rights by a normative document that is not a form of legislation constitutes a substantive exercise of legislative power,and is also clearly contrary to the doctrine of law reservation.The conclusions of the review of this case are of great practical significance for safeguarding the fundamental rights of citizens and upholding the authority of the Constitution.