数据财产权权能研究

Study on Capacities of Data Property Rights

数据财产权权能理论的缺失导致数据财产权权利内容难以明晰。在数据财产权权能体系构建中,有必要从积极权能、消极权能、权能限制三个维度来明确数据财产权权能的内涵。数据财产权具备准占有权能、使用权能(广义)、法律上处分权能等积极权能。数据财产权利人可以以消极权能排除他人不法干涉行为,通过防御性请求权以及返还请求权等数据财产权请求权来保障数据财产权积极权能的行使。数据财产权权能应受到当事人约定以及法律规范的限制。数据财产权权能理论可以对我国数据财产权理论发展以及制度完善提供有益思路。

The lack of the theory of capacities of data property rights leads to the difficulty in clarifying the content of data property rights. In the construction of the data property rights system, it is necessary to clarify the connotation of data property rights from three dimensions: positive capacity of right, negative capacity of right, and capacity restriction. Data property rights possess positive rights such as quasi-possession rights, generalized usage rights, and pricing rights. Data property rights holders can exclude others' unlawful interference through negative rights and safeguard the exercise of the positive rights of data property rights through defensive request rights and return request rights. The ability of data property rights should be subject to legal acts and legal norms. The theory of data property rights can provide beneficial ideas for the development and institutional improvement of data property rights theory in China.