论特别行政区制度的规范内涵与发展逻辑

Debates on Normative Connotation and Development Logic of the Special Administrative Region System

现行宪法第31条规定的“在特别行政区内实行的制度”和第62条第14项全国人大决定的特别行政区制度既有表述上的亲缘性,又有内涵上的差异性。“在特别行政区内实行的制度”是香港基本法所规定的香港特别行政区实行的制度;特别行政区制度是着眼于国家对特别行政区的宏观设计与管理的重要制度,是关于特别行政区所实行的特殊制度的综合体系,其以国家为规制主体,以全国人大及其常委会颁布的法律、全国人大作出的决定为主要表现形式。二者并不等同。为了实现制度效能,特别行政区制度可以通过全国人大行使决定权的方式不断发展,宪法为其提供了制度保障和发展空间。特别行政区制度宪法意涵的明晰将为其发展和完善提供规范和价值指引。

"The system implemented in the special administrative region"and the special administrative region system stipulated in the Constitution are both similar in expression and different in connotation.“The system implemented in the Special Administrative Region”refers to the systems and policies stipulated in the Basic Law of Hong Kong applicable to the Special Administrative Region.“The special administrative region system”is an important system focusing on the state's macrodesign and management of the special administrative region,and a comprehensive system of special systems implemented in the special administrative region,with the state as the regulatory body,the laws promulgated by the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee and the decisions made by the National People's Congress as the main forms of expression,the two are not equivalent.In order to achieve institutional effectiveness,“the special administrative region system”can continue to develop through the exercise of decision-making power by the National People's Congress,and the Constitution provides institutional guarantees and space for development.The clarity of the constitutional meaning of the special administrative region system will provide norms and value guidance for its development and improvement.