先秦法政思想的近代调用与当代重塑——从“春秋国际公法观”到“天下理论”

Modern Invocation and Contemporary Reshaping of Pre-Qin Legal and Political Thought-from Pre-Qin View of Public International Law to T'ien Hsia Theory

西法东渐初期,吸纳西方传教士的既有做法,以康有为为代表的晚清士人秉持一种通经致用的比附之法,以图借助先秦法政思想重构新的普遍主义世界观,最终达致有效应对西方殖民现代性知识“入侵”之目的。经历百年沉寂,伴随中国崛起,当代国际关系与国际法学者在新的世纪赓续了这一知识传统,此等“春秋国际公法”观背后的思维逻辑又被重新发现和调用,以求在学术层面有效推助各自学科本土化之同时,亦能在政治层面为业已进入后现代性时代的人类社会提供一种更为公平的世界愿景。对中国知识精英调用先秦法政思想的百年历程进行系统梳理,可为当下必然需要依托传统法政资源塑造的中国国际关系/国际法新观念的对外投射提供诸多镜鉴。

In the early days of the introduction of Western law to the East,the late Qing scholars,represented by Kang Youwei,adopted the established practices of the Western missionaries,held a concept of comparing the Chinese pre-Qin classics with the Western public law of nations in order to reconstruct a new universalist worldview by drawing on the legal and political thought of the pre-Qin dynasty,and ultimately to cope with the“invasion”of Western colonial knowledge of modernity.After a century of silence,contemporary scholars of international relations and international law have continued this intellectual tradition with the rise of China,and the logic behind the pre-Qin view of public international law has been rediscovered and invoked in order to effectively contribute to the localization of their respective disciplines at the academic level,while at the political level providing a more equitable vision of the world for a society that has entered the post-modern era.A systematic review of the century-long invocation of pre-Qin legal and political thought by China’s intellectual elite can provide inspiration for the current projection of a new conception of Chinese international relations/international law,which is inevitably created through traditional resources.