社会网络分析在教育研究中的应用:历史考察、独特作用与发展趋势

The Application of Social Network Analysis in Educational Research:Historical Examination,Unique Role,and Development Trends

社会网络分析产生于20世纪30年代,自21世纪初被引入教育领域后日益受到广泛关注。社会网络分析的特色在于从具体的社会关系出发,并采用系统性的视角把握教育中的关系活动,这是传统的教育研究方法所不具备的。它从“社会资本”而非“人力资本”的角度研究教育,用更接近教育现实的视角分析和理解教育活动;它提出了一套教育研究独有的概念命题和分析框架,为教育研究打开了一扇新的窗户;它以教育中的“关系”为关注点,为教育研究提供了一系列新的工具;这种独特的理论和方法的应用,也催生形成教育实践尤其是学校改进的新认识、新途径。从发展趋势上看,社会网络分析在教育研究中应用的特殊性正受到越来越多的关注,基础理论建构和可视化工具“精致化”同步推进,中观和宏观社会关系及其互动模式的研究力度进一步加大,定量与定性相结合的混合研究日益增多。

Social Network Analysis(SNA)originated in the 1930s and has gained increasing attention since its introduction into the field of education in the early 2lst century.SNA's unique feature lies in its approach,starting from specific social relationships and adopting a systematic perspective to understand relational activities in education,which is not featured in traditional educational research methods.SNA studies education from the perspective of"social capital"rather than"human capital,"which enables scholars to analyze and understand educational activities through a lens that is closer to the reality of education.SNA has introduced a set of unique conceptual propositions and analytical frameworks for educational research,opening a new window for the field.Focusing on"relationships"in education,it offers a range of new tools for educational research.The application of these unique theories and methods has also led to new insights and approaches,especially in educational practice and school improvement.From a developmental trend perspective,the specificity of the application of social network analysis in educational research is receiving increasing attention.The construction of foundational theories and the refinement of visualization tools are progressing simultaneously.The research intensity on meso and macro social relationships and their interaction patterns is increasing,and the integration of quantitative and qualitative research is on the rise.