合肥市2019-2022年手足口病流行特征及病原学检测结果分析

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Hefei City from 2019 to 2022

目的 了解合肥市手足口病(HFMD)流行特征及病原学特征,为有效预防和控制HFMD提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集合肥市2019-2022年HFMD病例资料,采用SPSS 28.0进行统计学分析。结果 2019-2022年合肥市报告HFMD病例44 044例,年均报告发病率为121.64/10万,重症率为0.03%,无死亡病例。全年各月均有病例报告,发病时间主要集中在5-8月,男性报告病例多于女性,男女性别比1.40∶1。发病年龄主要集中在0~5岁(χ^(2)=439.299,P<0.001),职业构成以散居儿童为主(χ^(2)=183.784,P<0.001)。肠道病毒核酸阳性检出率为40.60%,主要病原为CVA6型,其次为CVA16型。结论 合肥市HFMD报告发病率总体呈下降趋势,主要流行株为CVA6型。

Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Hefei City,and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Data of HFMD in Hefei City from 2019 to 2022 were collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.SPSS 28.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 44044 HFMD cases were reported in Hefei City from 2019 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence of 121.64/100000.The rate of severe disease was 0.03%and there were no fatal cases.The HFMD had been reported in all months of the year,mainly concentrated in May to August.Males reported more cases than females,with a gender ratio of 1.40:1.The age of onset was mainly concentrated between 0-5 years old(x^(2)=439.299,P<0.001),and the occupational composition was dominated by scattered children(x^(2)=183.784,P<0.001).The positive detection rate of enterovirus nucleic acid was 40.60%,with the main pathogen being CVA6 type,fol-lowed by CVA16 type.Conclusion The reported incidence rate of HFMD in Hefei City shows a general downward trend,and the main epidemic strain is CVA6.