福州茶园山南宋许峻墓出土剔犀镜箱新释

A New Exploration on a"Tixi"Mirror Box Unearthed from the Tomb of Xu Jun in the Southern Song Dynasty at Chayuanshan Fuzhou

南宋许峻墓出土剔犀镜箱的形制、髹饰两大工艺元素——“镜箱”、“剔犀”,均被视为宋代漆工艺的突破性进展。从形制上看,这件漆器与远隔千里的江苏常州武进蔣塘村南宋墓出土的剔犀镜箱接近,是南宋福州对外交往的证明。它属于向镜箱转变过程中镜箱的早期形态,反映了南宋福州对漆工艺革新的敏感度、接受力,乃至推动作用。从髹饰上看,这件漆器不见地区间交融的痕迹,采用的是极具福州地域特色的“福犀”工艺。南宋时,福州漆艺不乏与其它地区交流、共融的机遇和能力。“福犀”的别具一格,当是漆工们有意识的坚持。“福犀”工艺的独特性世代承传,跨越千年,绵延至今。

A"tixi"mirror box unearthed from the tomb of Xu Jun,in Southern Song Dynasty,is recognized as a breakthrough of lacquer craftsmanship in the Song Dynasty for its major elements in form and lacquering mirror box and"tixi"(an application of multiple layers of two or more contrasting colors of lacquer that are then carved with different patterns).From the perspective of form,this lacquered object is similar to the tixi mirror box discovered thousands of miles away in a tomb at Jiangtang Village,Wujin,Changzhou,Jiangsu which also from the Southern Song Dynasty,It was the evidence of the external communication of Fuzhou during that time.The form is at an early stage of the transformation from dowry box to mirror box,representingsensitive,inclusive and promotive attitude towards the innovation of Fuzhou lacquer artin the Southern Song Dynasty.From aspect of lacquering this lacquered object applies"fuxi"Fuzhou lacquer technique,the characteristic lacquer craftsmanship in Fuzhou City,showing no trace of integration with crafts from other places.In the Southern Song Dynasty,Fuzhou lacquer has the opportunity and ability to communicate and integrate with other regions.The uniqueness character of"fuxi"is derived from deliberate persistence by its craftsman and is passed down through generations over thousands of years to present.