浙江省绍兴市2017-2019年蜱生态学监测结果分析

An analysis of tick surveillance results in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province,2017-2019

目的对浙江省绍兴市2017-2019年蜱生态学监测结果进行分析,了解绍兴市不同时间、地区、宿主动物和生境蜱类密度变化规律,为蜱的防控措施制定提供依据。方法在绍兴市设置6个蜱监测点,采用动物体表检蜱法开展寄生蜱监测,采用布旗法开展游离蜱监测。采用描述性统计分析的方法对数据进行分析。结果绍兴地区2017-2019年寄生蜱平均蜱指数为0.53,9月蜱指数最高(0.78),3月最低(0.03);山羊体表寄生蜱指数最高(0.77),犬(农村)次之(0.21);上虞区寄生蜱指数最高,为1.59,越城区未检获寄生蜱。游离蜱平均密度为0.90只/(布旗·100 m),9月最高,为1.63只/(布旗·100m),3月最低,为0.10只/(布旗·100m);农村荒坡草地蜱密度最高,为6.57只/(布旗·100 m),其次为农村自然村周边,为0.09只/(布旗·100 m);上虞区蜱密度最高,为5.67只/(布旗·100 m),嵊州市次之,为0.02只/(布旗·100 m)。结论绍兴市农村荒坡草地游离蜱密度最高,山羊体表寄生蜱密度最高,在蜱传疾病高发地区应根据监测结果采取针对性的防蜱灭蜱措施。

Objective To investigate and analyze the changes in tick density by time,region,host animal,and habitat based on tick surveillance results in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province,China from 2017 to 2019,so as to provide a basis for developing tick prevention and control measures.Methods At six surveillance sites set in Shaoxing,the parasitic ticks were monitored by animal body surface inspection,and the questing ticks were monitored using the drag-flag method.Descriptive statistical analysis method was used to analyze the data.Results For parasitic ticks,the average tick index in Shaoxing from 2017 to 2019 was 0.53;by month,the highest tick index was 0.78 in September,and the lowest was 0.03 in March;by host animal,goats had the highest tick index(0.77),followed by rural dogs(0.21);and by region,the tick index in Shangyu District was the highest(1.59),while no ticks were detected in Yuecheng District.For questing ticks,the average density was 0.90 ticks/flag·100 m;by month,the highest density was 1.63 ticks/flag·100 m in September,and the lowest density was 0.10 ticks/flag∙100 m in March;by habitat,the highest density was 6.57 ticks/flag·100 m on rural sloped grassland,followed by 0.09 ticks/flag·100 m around rural natural villages;and by region,the highest densities were in Shangyu District(5.67 ticks/flag·100 m)and Shengzhou(0.02 ticks/flag·100 m).Conclusions In Shaoxing,the density of questing ticks was highest in rural sloped grassland,and the density of parasitic ticks was highest on goats.In the areas with a high incidence of tick-borne diseases,targeted tick control measures should be taken based on the results of surveillance.