某院1595例药物不良反应报告分析

Analysis of 1595 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions

目的:分析上报的1595例药物不良反应(ADR)报告特点,以期为临床安全用药提供参考。方法:收集某院上报至药品不良反应监测管理系统的数据共1595例,从报告类型、患者性别、年龄、给药途径、药品剂型、累及系统-器官、发生ADR的药品种类、抗菌药物类别、中药注射液品种等方面对其进行回顾性分析。结果:女性(61.95%)ADR发生比例高于男性(38.05%),50岁以上患者(71.48%)易发生ADR;静脉滴注(86.02%)ADR发生率最高,ADR所致器官或系统损害主要在皮肤及皮肤附件疾病,共730例(29.86%);抗菌药物603例(37.81%)和中药注射液205例(12.85%)最容易引起ADR;引起ADR最多的抗菌药物为喹诺酮类(238例),其次是头孢菌素类(144例);引起ADR最多的中药注射液为参麦注射液(138例)。结论:ADR与性别年龄、给药途径、药品类型等因素有关,重点加强抗感染、中药注射剂等药物使用上的监控,提高药物临床合理用药率,减少药物不良反应发生,保障患者用药安全。

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of 1595 cases of adverse drug reactions(ADR)reported in order to provide reference for clinical safe medication.Methods:A total of 1595 cases of data reported by a hospital to the adverse drug reaction monitoring and management system were collected and retrospectively analyzed from the aspects of report type,patient gender,age,route of administration,drug dosage form,involving system-organs,types of drugs with ADR,types of antibacterial drugs,and varieties of traditional Chinese medicine injections.Results:The proportion of ADR in women(61.95%)was higher than that in men(38.05%),and patients over 50 years old(71.48%)were prone to ADR.The incidence of ADR was the highest in intravenous drip(86.02%),and the organ or system damage caused by ADR was mainly in skin and skin accessory diseases,with a total of 730 cases(29.86%).603 cases(37.81%)of antibiotics and 205 cases(12.85%)of traditional Chinese medicine injection were the most likely to cause ADR.The most common antibiotics causing ADR were quinolones(238 cases),followed by cephalosporins(144 cases).The most common TCM injection causing ADR was Shenmai injection(138 cases).Conclusion:ADR is related to gender,age,route of administration,drug type and other factors.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of anti-infection,traditional Chinese medicine injection and other drugs,improve the clinical rational drug use rate,reduce the occurrence of adverse drug reactions,and ensure the safety of patients.