2019年至2021年周口市中小学生常见病监测分析

Monitoring and Analysis of common Diseases among primary and secondary School Students in Zhoukou City from 2019 to 2021

目的掌握2019年至2021年周口市中小学生常见病检出情况,为制定科学防控措施提供依据。方法对2019年至2021年中小学生的常见病进行筛查,按年龄、监测点、性别、学段对常见病检出情况进行分析。结果2019年至2021年共监测学生16539人,其中2019年监测4399人,2020年监测4587人,2021年监测7553人;城区7904人、郊县8635人;男生8013人、女生8526人,男女比例为1∶1.06;2019年至2021年学生视力不良、龋齿、营养不良、肥胖和脊柱弯曲检出率分别为60.85%、16.94%、4.63%、15.21%和1.03%。不同年龄组视力不良、龋齿、肥胖和脊柱弯曲检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城区视力不良、营养不良和脊柱弯曲检出率均高于郊县,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);郊县龋齿和肥胖检出率均高于城区,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女生视力不良和龋齿检出率高于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);男生营养不良和肥胖检出率高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。视力不良和脊柱弯曲检出率随学段升高而上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);龋齿和肥胖检出率随学段升高而下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论视力不良是周口市学生常见病的高发类型,应予以重点关注。

Objective To understand the detection of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Zhoukou City from 2019 to 2021,and provide a basis for formulating scientific prevention and control measures.Methods The prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary students from 2019 to 2021 was screened and analyzed by age,surveillance point,gender,and school stage.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 16539 students were monitored,including 4399 in 2019,4587 in 2020,and 7553 in 2021;7904 people in urban areas and 8635 people in suburban counties;There are 8013 males and 8526 females,with a male to female ratio of 1∶1.06;The detection rates of visual impairment,dental caries,malnutrition,obesity,and spinal curvature among students from 2019 to 2021 were 60.85%,16.94%,4.63%,15.21%,and 1.03%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of visual impairment,dental caries,obesity,and spinal curvature among different age groups(P<0.05).The detection rates of visual impairment,malnutrition,and spinal curvature in urban areas were higher than those in suburban counties,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);The detection rates of dental caries and obesity in suburban counties are higher than those in urban areas,and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of poor vision and dental caries in girls were higher than those in boys,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);The detection rates of malnutrition and obesity in boys were higher than those in girls,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of visual impairment and spinal curvature increased with the increase of academic stage,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);The detection rates of dental caries and obesity decreased with increasing age,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Poor vision is a common disease among students in Zhoukou City and should be given special attention.