虚拟现实技术在眼科住院医师规范化培训中的应用

The Use of Virtual Reality in the Standardized Training of Ophthalmology Residents

眼科住院医师规范化培训旨在系统性提高眼科医生专业的理论与实践能力。然而,目前眼科解剖及专科检查模型资源稀缺;住培学员临床接诊中缺乏对患者视功能损害的直观感受;显微手术精细度高、难度大、学习曲线长;培训师资质量参差不齐、考核模式单一等现状,造成当前眼科规范化培训存在理论教学抽象,学员对视功能损害等拟态感受缺乏,动手实践机会少,考核模式单一、主观性强等不足。虚拟现实技术的快速发展,以其沉浸感、交互性与相对低成本等优势在眼科规范化培训领域中展示了广泛的应用场景。现文章基于眼科规范化培训阶段临床前理论教学和专科查体、拟态感受、手术模拟以及均质化考核四大方面内容,探讨虚拟现实技术的应用价值以及存在的不足。

Standardized training of ophthalmology residents aims at improving both the theoretical and practical skills of the ophthalmologists.Several reasons,like lack of suitable anatomical and ophthalmological examination models,unknown of visual impairment,diff i c u l ty of learning micro-surgical surgeries,inconsistency of clinical teachers,simplicity of evaluation model,caused many limitations in current training system.It is especially obvious in the following aspects:the theoretical teaching is abstract and obscure;the practical chances are scarce;the evaluation mode is singe and subjective.The high development of virtual reality(VR)has a wide range of applications in standardized training of ophthalmology for its immersion,interaction,and relative low cost.This article summarized the four major applications of VR in ophthalmology education:theoretical teaching and stimulated examination,mimic perception,surgical simulation,homogeneous evaluation,as well as potential deficiencies of its application.