“镜子”与“他者”:智能机器与人类关系之考辨

Examining the Intelligent Machine as"Mirror"and"Other"of Humans

在人工智能技术发展中,智能机器作为人类“镜子”与“他者”的角色正在不断凸显。作为“镜子”,智能机器帮助人类内窥到深层的认知规律,也在一些侧面反射着现实世界,映照出人类的局限。对个体而言,人机交流可以在一定程度上反射出“镜中我”,但这种反射有可能失真。机器也会强化、中介个体的自我凝视、他者凝视。从他者角度看,虽然早期智能机器往往被视作“低人一等”的“他者”,但今天人类需要更多地正视机器他者相对于人的对立性、差异性及其对人类的建构与掌控作用,进而促使机器成为负责任的他者。

In the development of artificial intelligence technology,the role of intelligent machines as human's"mirrors"and"others"has also been constantly highlighted.As mirrors,intelligent machines explore deep cognitive patterns,and reflect the real world and the limitations of humanity in some aspects.For individuals,human-computer communication can reflect the"looking-glass self"to a certain extent,but this reflection may be distorted.Machines also reinforce and mediate gaze of self and others.From the perspective of"others",people used to take early intelligent machines as inferior others,today they are confronting the opposition and differences of machines,as well as their constructing and controlling of humans.Human should also lead machines to become responsible others.