重返“对人的治理”:数字时代治理性的回转、异变及其矫正

Return to“Governance of the People”:The Transformation,Alienation and Correction of Governmentality in the Digital Age

在16世纪之前,治理的对象是人,这一时期的治理性可以被定义为“对人的治理”。从18世纪到20世纪,人与领土、政治结构一样成为国家的构成要素,该时期的治理性则是“对国家的治理”。从20世纪末到21世纪初,随着数字技术的涌现以及人为技术所重塑,治理性迎来了一次“对人的治理”的回归。进入数字时代,人工智能技术拥有与之前治理技术截然不同的化身为“座架”的能力,使得治理的过程逐渐被异化为一种对社会的促逼和集置,数字时代的治理性也从“对人的治理”异化为“对人的摆置”。我们可以从拒绝“技术座架化”和“世界图像化”两个方面对抗这种异化,通过保持对可能性和创造性的开敞状态,实现数字时代治理性向“对人的治理”的回转。

Before the 16th century,the object of governance was the people,and the governmentality in that period could be defined as“governance of the people”.From the 18th to the 20th century,people became the constituent elements of the state like territory and political structure,and the governmentality in that period was“governance of the state”.From the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century,with the emergence and development of digital technology,people were reshaped by technology,and governmentality return to“governance of the people”again.When we enter the digital age,the intellectual technology has the ability to be a“enframing”,which is completely different from the previous governance technology,so the process of governance is gradually alienated into challenge and enframing of society,and the governmentality of the digital age is also alienated from“governance of the people”to“set and manipulate the people”.We can resist this alienation by rejecting“technology enframing”and“world imagination”,realizing the transformation of the governmentality in the digital age to“governance of the people”by maintaining the openness of being of possibility and creativity.