明末清初科学著作的合作翻译方式及当代启示

Collaborative Translation of Scientific Works in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties:A Study of Its Modes and Contemporary Implications

明末清初,许多外国传教士和中国士大夫密切合作,通过“西士口授,华士笔录”“西士笔译,华士润色”“西士译述,华士作序”三种合作翻译方式,将大批西方科学著作译介到中国。这一时期的中外合作翻译方式对当代中国文化“走出去”有许多借鉴意义,如精准选择志同道合的合译者、结合目标语的需求精心选择翻译对象、译本应适当契合目标语的出版传播环境等。

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,a noteworthy collaboration unfolded between foreign missionaries and Chinese scholar-officials.They engaged in a close partnership,employing diverse cooperative translation methods such as"Western scholars orally instructing,Chinese scholars recording","Western scholars translating,Chinese scholars refining",and"Western scholars slossing,Chinese scholars making prefaces".Through these collaborative translation strategies,a significant influx of Western scientific works found their way into China.The collaborative translation approaches of that era offer valuable insights for contemporary endeavors in introducing Chinese culture globally.These insights include the precise selection of collaborators who share similar values,the careful selection of translation materials aligned with the target language's requirements,and the appropriate adaptation to the publishing and dissemination environment of the target language.