科技馆标准体系构建研究

Research on the Construction of Standard System for Science and Technology Museum

构建科技馆标准体系是开展科技馆标准化工作的前提和基础,对科技馆事业的高质量发展具有重要的意义,但目前鲜见对科技馆标准体系系统、全面的研究。本文利用标准化理论与方法,充分考虑科技馆目前的发展状况、未来的发展趋势和标准化需求,认为构建科技馆标准体系应遵从全面性、实用性和适度前瞻性原则,围绕标准分布领域、标准级别、标准约束力3个维度构建标准体系模型,重点从基础通用标准、设施建设标准、展教资源建设标准、服务标准、运营管理标准、信息化标准和评价标准7个分布领域构建标准体系结构图和明细表。最后基于科技馆标准体系表提出标准编制建议,即优先编制基础通用标准、急用标准,考虑不同级别标准的协调性。以期为后续科技馆标准化建设工作的系统有序开展提供借鉴和参考。

The construction of standard system for science and technology museum underlies the implementation of the standardization work,which is of great significance for the high-quality development of science and technology museum.However,existing literature rarely explored the standard system of science and technology museum systematically and comprehensively.After a full consideration of the current development status,future development trend,and standardization needs of science and technology museum by employing the standardization theories and methods,we proposed the principles of building the standard system,i.e.,comprehensiveness,practicality and moderate foresight,and built a three-dimensional model of standard system,i.e.,distribution field,standard level,and binding force of standard.The chart and diagram of standard system are mainly constructed from 7 distribution areas:basic general standard,facility construction,exhibition and education resource construction,service,operation management,information technology,and evaluation.Finally,based on the diagram of standard system,we put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for setting standards from two aspects,i.e.,the priority of the development of basic standards and urgent standards,and the consideration of the coordination of different levels of standards,for the purpose of providing reference for implementing the standardization work of science and technology museum systematically and programmatically.