2021年宁夏重点行业工作场所职业病危害因素检测现况分析

Analysis on current status of occupational hazard factors detection in key industry workplaces of Ningxia in 2021

目的了解2021年宁夏重点行业工作场所职业病危害因素接触与检测现况。方法对2021年宁夏回族自治区内正常生产经营的重点行业进行调查和现场检测,采用统一编制的《工作场所职业病危害因素监测项目调查表》收集用人单位的劳动者接触职业病危害因素情况,现场检测严格按照国家标准进行采样,采样结果与国家现行标准进行比较,判定是否超标。结果宁夏重点行业用人单位主要分布在银川市、石嘴山市和吴忠市,占比分别为25.08%、28.76%和25.75%;企业规模以小型企业为主,占比为51.17%;2021年宁夏重点行业劳动者接触职业病危害因素人数最多的地区为银川市,为40576人;接触人数最多的行业为煤炭开采和洗选业,为27331人;接触人数最多的企业规模为大型企业,为44436人;粉尘与物理因素的超标率较高,岗位超标率分别16.43%和13.18%,场所超标率分别为12.20%和13.52%。结论宁夏回族自治区小微企业数量较多但接触危害因素劳动者主要分布在大型企业,今后职业病危害因素的治理工作应主要放在银川市、煤炭开采和洗选业以及大型企业。职业病危害因素则应以粉尘的治理为主。

Objective To understand the current status of exposure and detection of occupational hazard factors in workplaces of key industries in Ningxia in 2021.Methods In 2021,the key industries in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were investigated and tested on the spot,and the status of exposure of workers to occupational hazards in the enterprises was collected by the unified questionnaire of workplace occupational-disease-inductive factors monitoring project,and samples were collected on the spot in strict accordance with the national standards.The sampling results were compared with the current national standard to determine whether it exceeds the standard.Results The key industry employers in Ningxia were mainly distributed in Yinchuan City,Shizuishan City and Wuzhong City,accounting for 25.08%,28.76%and 25.75%,respectively.The scale of enterprises was mainly small enterprise,accounting for 51.17%.In 2021,the highest number of workers in key industries exposed to occupational hazard factors was 40576 in Yinchuan City.The industry with the largest number of exposed workers was coal mining and washing,with 27331.The enterprises with the largest number of exposed workers were large enterprises,with 44436.The exceeding rates of dust and physical factors were high,the exceeding rate of post was 16.43%and 13.18%respectively,and the exceeding rate of place was 12.20%and 13.52%respectively.Conclusions There are a large number of small and micro enterprises in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,but the workers exposed to hazard factors are mainly distributed in large enterprises.In the future,the control of occupational hazard factors should be mainly in Yinchuan City,coal mining and washing industry and large enterprises.The occupational hazard factors should focus on the dust control.