氧化应激干预肺癌相关信号通路及中药干预研究进展

Oxidative Stress-related Signaling Pathways in Lung Cancer and Chinese Medicine Intervention:A Review

肺癌的发病率和死亡率位居我国癌症首位,其病情复杂多变,治疗周期长,且预后常不佳。目前,肺癌的治疗多采用手术切除、放疗和化疗等经典疗法,但部分患者会出现一系列不良反应,影响患者的生存质量、生存期及治疗效果。有研究发现,氧化应激是肺癌重要的致病因素之一,影响着肺癌的发生发展。氧化应激是机体内氧化产物和抗氧化防御机制之间平衡的紊乱应激状态。氧化应激干预肺癌的发生发展与多种信号通路有关,其中包括Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap1)/核转录因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路等。目前,国内外相关研究人员对肺癌的发生发展及药物干预治疗病理生理机制做了大量研究,结果发现氧化应激在肺癌的发生发展中发挥着重要作用,中药单体及复方可通过调控氧化应激水平及干预相关信号通路,从而抑制或延缓肺癌的发生发展。基于此,该文主要归纳总结了近年来国内外关于调控氧化应激干预肺癌的相关信号通路,同时对中药单体、中药复方调控氧化应激治疗肺癌的最新研究进行梳理总结,以期为肺癌在药物治疗研究以及临床新药研发上提供新的思路,同时也为后续更深入的机制研究提供参考和借鉴。

Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate among all cancers in China,with its complex and variable nature,long treatment duration,and often poor prognosis.Currently,the treatment of lung cancer mainly employs classical therapies such as surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy,but some patients may experience a series of adverse reactions,which affect their quality of life,survival period,and treatment outcomes.As reported,oxidative stress is one of the important pathogenic factors of lung cancer,affecting its occurrence and development.Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between oxidative products and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the body.The intervention of oxidative stress in the occurrence and development of lung cancer is related to multiple signaling pathways,including the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway,and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway.Currently,researchers in China and abroad have conducted extensive studies on the occurrence and development of lung cancer and the pathophysiological mechanisms of drug intervention.The results have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer.Chinese medicine monomers and compounds can regulate oxidative stress levels and intervene in related signaling pathways,thereby inhibiting or delaying the occurrence and development of lung cancer.Based on this,this article mainly summarized the relevant signaling pathways regulating oxidative stress intervention in lung cancer in recent years,and also reviewed the latest research on Chinese medicine monomers and compounds in regulating oxidative stress to treat lung cancer,aiming to provide new ideas for research on drug treatment of lung cancer and clinical drug development,as well as to provide references and guidance for further in-depth mechanistic studies in the future.