基于常温机械灌注的器官医学及器官隔离保护治疗在不同研究领域中的应用

Applications of organ medicine and organ isolation protection therapy based upon normothermic machine perfusion in different research fields

常温机械灌注(normothermic machine perfusion,NMP)目前是移植领域器官保存的研究热点,其在器官保存的安全性和有效性方面已经得到临床验证,并已应用于器官保存,尤其是边缘供器官的保存。此外,NMP在器官体外功能评估和维护、器官损伤修复等方面的潜在独特优势在未来可能会大大扩展其应用场景,尤其是在器官医学领域,即通过体外器官支持系统精准地对在体或离体器官进行临床干预或研究。借助体外器官支持系统,可以更为高效、安全地对单个或多个器官建立独立的体外循环系统,对靶器官进行生理支持治疗或其他干预治疗,包括器官基因编辑治疗、器官细胞治疗、器官化疗、器官溶瘤病毒治疗及器官生理支持治疗等,也称为器官隔离治疗。这一理论的出现为临床器官疾病治疗提供了全新的治疗思路及手段。本文现就基于NMP技术的器官医学理念及器官隔离保护治疗在器官移植及其他研究领域的应用进行评述。

Normothermic machine perfusion(NMP)is currently a research hotspot of organ preservation in the field of transplantation.Its safety and effectiveness of organ preservation have been clinically validated especially for preserving marginal donor organs.Various unique advantages of NMP are offered for in vitro organ function assessments,maintenance and organ injury repairing.Within the field of organ medicine,precise clinical interventions based upon in vivo or in vitro researches are implemented through an in vitro organ support system.With an aid of extracorporeal organ support system,an independent extracorporeal circulation system could be established for single or multiple organs more efficiently and safely.And physiological supports and other interventions for target organs are performed.Organ gene editing therapy,organ cell therapy,organ chemotherapy,organolytic virus therapy and organ physiological support therapy are all disciplines of organ quarantine therapy.This emerging theory provides a novel treatment for clinical organ diseases.This review summarized the use of NMP technology based upon the concepts and applications of organ medicine.Also the applications of organ isolation and protection therapy were discussed for organ transplantation and other research fields.