汉代连胜佩小议

On the Interconnected-Sheng pei-ornament of the Han Dynasty

连胜佩在汉代玉石器中广泛存在,常被称为胜形佩、方胜佩、司南佩、扁胜佩等。连胜佩包含横簪、两端胜形、簪头三要素。我们梳理材料,将连胜佩分为A、B、C、D、E五型,从共存关系、演变规律、功能推测三方面进行探讨。发现从西汉至魏晋,连胜佩横簪不断弱化、胜形逐渐强化、两胜间距趋于消失,存在一条清晰的演变主线。另探讨两个相关问题:“司南佩”源流清晰,实为连胜佩在某阶段的特殊器型;工字佩与“司南佩”并非一类器物,二者无演变关系。随着学界对西王母信仰发展的新认识,作为祥瑞单独出现的连胜佩或有更为丰富的内涵。

Interconnected-Sheng pei-ornaments are widely found in jade artifacts from the Han Dynasty,often referred to as the“Sheng-shaped pei,”“Square-Sheng pei,”“Si'nan pei,”“Flat-Sheng pei,”and so on.The interconnected pei consists of a horizontal hairpin,Sheng-shaped at both ends and a hairpin head.We classify interconnected pei into five types(A,B,C,D,and E)and discuss them from coexistence relationships,changing patterns,and functional speculations.It was discovered that from the Western Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties,the horizontal hairpin of interconnected pei gradually weakened,the Sheng shape strengthened,and the distance between the two Sheng tended to disappear,indicating a clear evolutionary trend.Two other related issues were explored,too.We found a clear origin of the“Si'nan pei,”a special type of interconnected pei at a certain stage.Also noticed is that“工-shaped pei”and“Si'nan pei”are not the same object type and are developed independently.With the new understanding of the development of the belief in the Queen Mother of the West,the interconnected Sheng pei may have a richer connotation,given its use as an auspicious sign.