协调组织修复:控制有害和修复性中性粒细胞功能的分子途径

Coordinating tissue repair: molecular pathways controlling the function of harmful and repairing neutrophils

中性粒细胞是最丰富的循环白细胞,作为损伤组织和感染部位的第一反应者,在愈合早期炎症反应中起着不可或缺的作用。中性粒细胞通过吞噬和破坏病原体、释放细胞毒性酶和代谢物以及传播炎症网络来提供即时宿主防御。然而,如果不加以控制,这些防御机制会造成重大的附带损害。专注于有害中性粒细胞炎症的诱因和免疫调节缺陷,并把握有害炎症的特定驱动因素,对重新校准炎症以促进内源性组织修复具有重要意义。该文从中性粒细胞炎症失衡的诱因出发,阐述中性粒细胞介导组织损伤的主要机制及相关病理表现,并强调了具有应用前景的治疗靶点。

Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating white blood cells and play an indispensable role as first responders of damaged tissue and infected sites in the early inflammatory response of healing.Neutrophils provide immediate host defense by engulfing and destroying pathogens,releasing cytotoxic enzymes and metabolites,and spreading inflammatory networks.However,if left uncontrolled,these defense mechanisms can cause significant collateral damage.Focusing on the triggers of harmful neutrophil inflammation and immunomodulatory deficits,as well as grasping the specific drivers of harmful inflammation,is of great significance for recalibrating inflammation to promote endogenous tissue repair.This article,starting from the causes of neutrophil inflammation imbalance,elaborated the main mechanism of neutrophil-mediated tissue injury and related pathological manifestations,and highlighted the therapeutic targets with promising applications.