2015—2021年石家庄市0~14岁儿童伤害病例流行病学特征及变化趋势分析

Epidemiological characteristics and trend analysis of injured children aged 0-14 years in Shijiazhuang city,2015-2021

目的了解石家庄市2015—2021年0~14岁儿童伤害流行病学特征及变化趋势,为儿童伤害防控提供科学依据。方法收集2015—2021年石家庄市因伤害在监测医院就诊的0~14岁儿童伤害病例信息并进行流行病学特征分析和伤害变化趋势分析。结果2015—2021年共诊治0~14岁儿童22302例,男女性别比为1.89∶1.00。除0~<1岁年龄组,男童病例数均多于女童。儿童伤害主要以跌倒/坠落(59.77%)、地点为家中(47.58%)、休闲活动(59.67%)、非故意伤害(96.92%)为主;伤害发生时间以9月最多(10.60%),2月最少(4.81%)。受伤部位以头部(40.25%)、上肢(22.76%)、下肢(19.07%)为主,挫伤/擦伤最多见(42.75%),损伤程度以轻度(89.13%)为主,结局以处理后离院为主(94.12%)。Joinpoint回归分析显示,2015—2021年1~<4岁儿童伤害病例构成比呈下降趋势,7~<11岁儿童和11~14岁儿童呈上升趋势,动物伤和中毒伤害病例构成比呈下降趋势,伤害发生在体育运动场所的构成比呈上升趋势,伤害发生在步行时的构成比呈下降趋势,年度变化趋势差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论不同性别、年龄的儿童伤害流行病学特征不全相同,伤害的变化趋势不同,应针对性采取预防干预措施。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and variation tendency of injury among children aged 0-14 in Shijiazhuang city from 2015 to 2021,so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of child injury.Methods To collect the information of injury cases of children aged 0-14 who were admitted to the monitoring hospital in Shijiazhuang from 2015 to 2021,and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the trend of injury change.Results A total of 22302 child>injury cases aged 0-14 were reported,with the male and female ratio appeared as 1.89∶1.00.Except for the 0-<1-year-old group,the number of cases in boys was higher than that in girls.The main injuries among children were falling/falling(59.77%),at home(47.58%),leisure activities(59.67%)and unintentional injuries(96.92%).The most injuries occurred in September(10.60%)and the least in February(4.81%).The most vulnerable parts of children were the head(40.25%),upper limbs(22.76%)and lower limbs(19.07%),42.75%cases were bruise.The degree of injury was mild(89.13%)and the outcome was mainly post-treatment hospitalization(94.12%).Joinpoint regression showed that the constituent ratio of injury cases among children aged 1-<4 showed a downward trend from 2015 to 2021,while those aged 7-<11 and 11-14 showed an upward trend.Animal injuries and poisoning injuries showed a downward trend from 2015 to 2021.Sports venues showed an upward trend and walking injuries showed a downward trend,with statistical significance in each year(All P<0.05).Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of injury in children of different gender and age are not all the same,and the change trend of injury is different.Therefore,targeted prevention and intervention measures should be taken.