论中国铅锌矿床的主岩+成因综合分类

On the comprehensive host rock-genesis classification of lead-zinc deposits in China

铅锌矿床分类是铅锌矿床地质学的最主要研究课题之一。在《中国矿产地质志·铅锌矿卷》研编过程中,笔者对国内外有关铅锌矿床分类的文献进行了较详细的调查、研究和梳理,并且根据对国内外许多重要铅锌矿床的研究实践,提出了中国铅锌矿床的主岩+成因分类。该分类将中国铅锌矿床划分为11个类型,包括:沉积岩为主岩喷流沉积型、碳酸盐岩为主岩(后生)型、砂岩铅和砂砾岩铅锌矿床、火山岩为主岩块状硫化物型、与侵入岩有关的铅锌矿床、陆相火山岩型、非岩浆成因中低温热液型、非硫化物型、砂矿型、复合型和叠生型。笔者总结提出的中国铅锌矿床综合(主岩+成因)分类表能较好地涵盖全国的铅锌矿床类型、亚型、矿床式及其代表性矿床。复合型和叠生型是中国铅锌矿床特色,找矿前景良好,应加强勘查、开发和研究。

Objectives:Classification of lead-zinc deposits is one of the mainest research subjects on lead-zinc ore geology.Methods:During the research and compilation of Annals of Geology of Mineral Resources in China——Lead and Zinc Mineral Resources,the writer carried out a more detailed survey,analysis and arrangement of the references related to classification of lead—zinc deposits in China and in the world,and suggested the host rock—genesis classification of lead—zinc deposits in China on the basis of studies on many important lead—zinc deposits in China and other countries.Results:The Chinese lead—zinc deposits have been classified into 11 types.The 11 types include sedimenthosted sedimentary—exhalative type,carbonate-hosted(epigenetic)type,sandstone lead and sandstone—conglomrate type,volcanic-hosted massive sulfide type,intrusion-related type,continental volcanic rock type,non-magmatic meso-epithermal type,non-sulfide type,placer type,composite type and superimposed type.Conclusions:The comprehensive(host rock+genesis)classification of lead—zinc deposits in China can cover the types,subtypes,styles and representative deposits of the whole country.Composite type and superimposed type are the characteristics of lead—zinc deposits in China,and the prospecting prospect of them is good,so the exploration and development and research of them should be strengthened.