不同品种黄瓜对农药噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯的耐受性评价

Tolerance evaluation of different cucumber varieties to thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin

[目的]研究杀虫剂噻虫嗪和杀菌剂嘧菌酯对黄瓜生长发育及生理影响,以筛选对噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯具有高耐性的黄瓜品种。[方法]采用土壤染毒法,根据不同黄瓜种子发芽率、黄瓜幼苗芽长和生理指标的响应差异,探究不同黄瓜品种对污染土壤中2种农药的耐受性。[结果]不同品种黄瓜对2种农药的耐受性具有较大的差异,甜脆黄瓜、白黄瓜、驰誉106和博美8号4个品种的种子在噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯处理下,萌发率均小于90%;噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯显著提高了中农C18品种芽长,激活率分别为62.30%和28.48%;噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯对绿盈06-8品种的四氮唑还原强度激活率分别为178.07%和126.03%;噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯对地黄瓜和中农C182个品种幼苗脯氨酸含量的激活率均大于50%;噻虫嗪对申青1号品种幼苗的蛋白质含量的激活率为47.82%,嘧菌酯对台湾胡瓜品种幼苗的蛋白质含量的激活率为57.47%;2种农药对津优35品种幼苗可溶性糖的激活率均大于90%。[结论]利用雷达图对不同黄瓜品种多元综合评价,最终筛选出具有噻虫嗪和嘧菌酯高耐受性的6个黄瓜品种为申青1号、中农C18、津优35、绿盈06-3、地黄瓜和台湾胡瓜。

[Aims]We investigated the effects of the insecticide thiamethoxam and the fungicide azoxystrobin on the growth,development and physiology of cucumber plants,in order to screen for cucumber varieties with high tolerance to thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin.[Methods]Soil contamination method was employed to investigate the tolerance of different cucumber varieties to the two pesticides by assessing differences in seed germination rate,cucumber seedling shoot length and physiological indicators.[Results]The research results showed significant variations in tolerance to the two pesticides among different cucumber varieties.Under the effects of thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin,the seed germination rate of‘Tiancuihuanggua’,‘Baihuanggua’,‘Chiyu 106’and‘Bomei 8’varieties was less than 90%.Thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin significantly enhanced the shoot length of‘Zhongnong C18’variety,with activation rates of 62.30%and 28.48%,respectively.Thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin exhibited activation rates of 178.07%and 126.03%on the reduction intensity of tetrazolium in‘Lyuying 06-8’variety.The activation rates of proline content in seedlings of‘Dihuanggua’and‘Zhongnong C18’varieties by thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin were both above 50%.Thiamethoxam showed activation rate of 47.82%on the protein content of seedlings of‘Shenqing 1’variety,and azoxystrobin showed activation rate of 57.47%on the protein content of seedlings of‘Taiwanhugua’variety.Both pesticides exhibited activation rates above 90%on soluble sugar content in seedlings of‘Jinyou 35’variety.[Conclusions]Using radar charts for comprehensive evaluation of different cucumber varieties,six cucumber varieties were ultimately selected for their high tolerance to thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin:‘Shenqing 1’,‘Zhongnong C18’,‘Jinyou 35’,‘Lyuying 06-3’,‘Dihuanggua’and‘Taiwanhugua’varieties.