古尔纳作品与西方经典文学的互文性

Intertextuality between Abdulrazak Gurnah's works and western canonical literature

非洲裔诺奖作家阿卜杜勒拉扎克·古尔纳的作品随处可见西方经典文学文本的嵌入、改写和隐喻,莎士比亚、荷马、席勒、海涅、赫尔曼·麦尔维尔等数不清的西方经典文学文本贯穿于古尔纳作品的血肉脉络。这样的写作方式不仅仅是古尔纳作为英语教授的身份使然,更是一种表现后殖民世界文化生态的绝妙文学策略。古尔纳不认同完全不顾历史的、与西方文化割断的非洲民族主义,他追求一种正视西方文化给殖民地带来的影响,批判性地予以保留和融入的世界主义理想。通过与西方经典文本的互文实践,作家创造性地对西方文化的叙事传统进行了颠覆和改写,同时巧妙地完成了对西方经典文本的致敬和对西方中心主义话语的瓦解。

Africa-born writer Abdulrazak Gurnah's works are permeated with western canonical literature.By applying literary techniques such as embedding,rewriting and metaphor,Gurnah deeply integrates the western literary canon involving Shakespeare,Homer,Schiller,Heine and Herman Melville into his works.This paper argues that while Gurnah engages in intertextuality with the western canon partly because he is an English professor,more significantly,it is a literary strategy to embody global culture in the post-colonial world.Gurnah disagrees with African nationalism which sees Africa as isolated from Western culture and history.He employs a discourse of cosmopolitanism in hope of presenting Europe's influence on African history and a blend of African and western cultures.The writer's engagement with western canonical intertexts serves to subvert and rewrite western narratives in a creative way,which simultaneously pays tribute to the western canon and deconstructs it.