黄茶自动化闷黄装备设计与温湿度控制方法研究

Design of Automated Yellowing Equipment for Yellow Tea and Investigation on Temperature and Humidity Control Methods

闷黄是黄茶加工中的特有工艺,目前黄茶加工中缺乏专用的连续化、自动化闷黄加工装备。为此,本文设计一种用于黄茶闷黄的专用装备。根据连续化加工需求,设计了闷黄装备的机械结构,核算了装备所需的加热功率和蒸汽流量,并完成了相关部件的选型和样机构建,提出了一种基于区间二型模糊理论的温湿度控制算法。温湿度控制系统试验结果表明,在不同试验条件下,区间二型模糊控制算法能够精准控制温湿度参数,对比一型模糊控制算法,对扰动的抑制能力更强,控制误差更小。生产试验结果表明,温度和相对湿度的均方根误差最大值分别为0.439 1℃和1.226 2%,产品的感官评审结果表明,采用该装备加工的产品符合皖西黄茶的品质要求。

Yellowing is a distinctive process in yellow tea production.Currently,there is a lack of special continuous and automatic equipment for yellowing in the yellow tea processing industry.To address these issues,a dedicated equipment designed specifically for the yellowing process of yellow tea was presented.Considering the requirements for continuous processing,the mechanical structure of the equipment for yellowing was meticulously designed.Furthermore,the required heating power and steam flow rate of the equipment were calculated,and the relevant components were carefully selected and integrated into the construction of a functional prototype.An innovative temperature and humidity control method based on interval type-2 fuzzy theory was proposed to overcome the challenges in temperature and humidity control.The test results of the temperature and humidity control system showed that the interval type-2 fuzzy control algorithm accurately controlled temperature and humidity parameters,with stronger disturbance suppression capability and smaller control error compared with the type-1 fuzzy control algorithm.Production test results demonstrated that the equipment achieved maximum root mean square error of 0.439 1℃ for temperature and 1.226 2% for humidity.Sensory evaluation confirmed that the products processed by this equipment met the quality requirements of western Anhui yellow tea.