广东省某燃气电厂噪声危害调查

Investigation and analysis on noise hazards of a gas power plant in Guangdong province

目的分析燃气电厂作业人员接噪水平,工作场所噪声强度及噪声的危害程度,确定噪声防护关键点,为企业防治噪声提供科学依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测、职业健康体检相结合的方法对该燃气电厂的噪声危害进行综合分析。结果噪声作业人员共计8个工种,个人每周40 h的等效声级为75~86 dB(A),其中锅炉巡检工、燃机巡检工、汽机巡检工、机务员接触噪声强度超过80 dB(A)为噪声作业,燃机巡检工接触噪声强度为86.4 dB(A),超过职业接触限值,噪声作业级别为轻度危害;工作场所的检测点共27个,全天等效声级主要集中在70~88 dB(A);噪声作业人员中听力异常24人,检出率为24.74%,其中4人双耳高频平均听阈高于40 dB。结论该燃气电厂应定期组织职业健康体检,加强职业卫生培训;作业人员进入噪声场所必须规范佩戴个人防护用品耳塞、耳罩。对双耳高频平均听阈高于40 dB的4名噪声作业人员重点监护。

Objective By investigating and analyzing the noise exposure level of operators in gas power plant,the noise in⁃tensity in the workplace and the degree of harm caused by noise,the key points for noise protection were determined to pro⁃vide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the noise in the enterprise.Methods A comprehensive analysis was conducted using a combination of occupational health field investigation,occupational health test and occupational health examination.Results There were 8 types of noise work with LEX,W of 75-86 dB(A)in total.Among them,the work of boiler patrol inspectors,gas turbine patrol inspectors,steam turbine patrol inspectors and maintenance personnel whose noise intensity exceeded 80 dB(A)was classified as noise operation,and the work of gas turbine patrol inspectors whose noise intensity was 86.4 dB(A)exceeded the occupational exposure limit.Noise operations were classified as mild hazards.There were 27 detection points in the workplace,and their LAeq mainly concentrated at 70-89 dB(A).Among the noise exposed workers,24 people had abnormal hearing,the detection rate was 24.74%,and 4 of them had binaural high-fre⁃quency average hearing threshold higher than 40 dB.Conclusion The gas power plant should regularly organize occupa⁃tional health examination,strengthen occupational health training and focus on monitoring four noise workers with binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold higher than 40 dB.When entering a noisy area,operators must wear personal pro⁃tective equipment such as earplugs and earmuffs in a standardized manner.