新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的早期诊断与手术时机选择

Early diagnosis and surgical timing of necrotizing enterocolitis

坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是新生儿期特有的肠道坏死性炎症,多见于早产儿,病死率高。因其发病初期临床症状不典型,早期诊断困难,临床上除依靠临床表现以及实验室检查和影像学检查等传统方式进行诊断外,联合多种生物学标志物检测提高NEC早期诊断的准确性成为研究的重要方向。临床医生需要寻找与肠坏死密切相关的指标,尽可能在尚未出现穿孔或病情恶化前手术干预,以降低NEC患儿的病死率。

Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) is a necrotizing inflammation of the intestine unique to the neonatal period,primarily affecting premature infants with a high fatality rate.Due to its inconspicuous initial clinical symptoms,early diagnosis can be challenging. In addition to relying on clinical manifestations and traditional diagnostic methods such as laboratory tests and imaging examinations,future research will focus on enhancing the accuracy of NEC's early diagnosis by integrating multiple biological markers. The clinicians should perform surgical intervention as soon as possible before perforation takes place or the condition worsens by identifying closely associated indicators in order to reduce mortality in children with NEC.