“One Health”作为全面禁食野生动物的法理研究

Take"One Health"as a legal theory research on the comprehensive fasting of wild animals

人兽共患病一直是国内外学者的研究重点,我国目前在人兽共患病的风险评估和防治、野生动物保护法律制度建设、野生动物限制利用和禁止食用以及检疫防疫技术制度设计方面还存在不足之处。针对上述问题,以“One Health”为核心的新公共政策理论研究正在逐渐被重视,其对全球性传染病的预防具有最大效益的防治效果被越来越多的证明。“One Health”主张跨学科和跨地域的合作,这一理念为保护生物多样性、维持人与自然平衡以及高效预防人兽共患病提供全新的理论支撑,我国可以在此基础上吸收立法与制度建设经验,通过完善中央和地方法律法规制度建设、协调政府行政管理及信息畅通以及加强基层执法能力建设等方面,探寻实现生态系统稳定和人类社会健康的新路径和新对策。

Zoonotic diseases have always been a focus of research among scholars both domestically and internationally.Currently,China faces deficiencies in the areas of risk assessment and prevention of zoonotic diseases,construction of wildlife protection legal systems,restriction and prohibition of wildlife consumption,as well as the design of quarantine and epidemic prevention technical systems.In response to these issues,research on new public policy theories centered on"One Health"is gradually gaining attention.This approach,advocating for interdisciplinary and cross-regional cooperation,has been increasingly proven to have the greatest benefit in preventing global infectious diseases.The"One Health"concept provides new theoretical support for protecting biodiversity,maintaining the balance between humans and nature,and effectively preventing zoonotic diseases.Based on this,China can absorb legislative and institutional construction experiences to explore new paths and strategies for achieving ecosystem stability and human societal health.This can be done by improving the construction of central and local legal and regulatory systems,coordinating government administrative management and information flow,as well as enhancing the enforcement capabilities of grassroots organizations.