宁夏食源性金黄色葡萄球菌耐药特征研究及mecA基因检测

Study on antibiotic resistance characteristics and mecA gene detection of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus in Ningxia

目的对宁夏食品安全风险监测分离到的金黄色葡萄球菌进行mecA基因检测和耐药性分析,了解宁夏地区近10年mecA分布特征和耐药趋势,为有效防控该菌蔓延和感染提供理论依据和技术参考。方法收集2011—2021年宁夏食品安全风险监测分离到的金黄色葡萄球菌195株,用多重荧光PCR法同时检测nuc和mecA基因,采用微量肉汤稀释法检测其对15种常用抗生素的药物敏感性。结果195株金黄色葡萄球菌中有19株携带mecA基因,检出率为9.74%。对青霉素完全耐药,耐药率达100.00%,其次为红霉素和克林霉素,耐药率分别为62.56%和46.67%。敏感率最高的药物是替考拉宁和利福平,敏感率均达到100.00%,其次为达托霉素、利奈唑胺、万古霉素和复方新诺明。195株金黄色葡萄球菌共形成40种耐药表型谱,多重耐药菌株共146株。结论2011—2021年宁夏地区食源性金黄色葡萄球菌中均检出mecA基因,应继续加强监测耐药变化,同时关注万古霉素耐药情况,积极采取有效防控措施。

Objective To detect the mecA gene and analyze the drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food safety risk surveillance in Ningxia,to understand the drug resistance trend and mecA distribution characteristics in Ningxia over the past 10 years,to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for effective prevention and control of the spread and infection of the bacterium.Methods A total of 195 S.aureus strains isolated from food safety risk surveillance in Ningxia from 2011 to 2021 were collected.The nuc and mecA genes were detected simultaneously by using multiplex fluorescent PCR method.The drug susceptibility of 15 antibiotics was tested by the broth dilution method.Results Among 195 strains of S.aureus,19 strains carried mecA gene,the positive rate was 9.74%.It was completely resistant to penicillin with a resistance rate of 100.00%,followed by erythromycin and clindamycin with resistance rates of 62.56%and 46.67%.The most sensitive drugs were teicolanin and rifampicin,with sensitivity rates of 100.00%,followed by daptomycin,linezolid,vancomycin,and cotrimoxazole.A total of 195 strains of S.aureus formed 40 drug resistance profiles,and 146 strains were multi-drug resistant.Conclusion From 2011to 2021,mecA gene was positive in food-borne S.aureus in Ningxia.Drug resistance should continue to be strengthened,at the same time,attention should be paid to vancomycin resistance,effective prevention and control measures should be taken actively.