失去与补偿:数字普惠金融对母亲劳动损失的缓解作用

Loss and Compensation:The Mitigating Effect of Inclusive Digital Finance on Mothers'Labor Losses

典型的中国家庭分工中母亲通常较多地承担照料子女的责任,尤其在子女升学前,母亲往往会加大时间、精力的投入,因此可能不得不承受一定的劳动损失。本文从就业概率和劳动时间两个维度对此进行了论证和检验。实证结果表明,子女升学压力会使母亲的就业概率降低4.47%、周工作时间减少3.26小时;数字普惠金融的发展能在一定程度上缓解子女升学压力给母亲带来的劳动损失。进一步分析表明,母亲劳动损失主要发生在子女中、高考阶段,数字普惠显著地缓解了子女面临中、高考阶段压力时母亲的劳动损失,即中年女性群体能获得更多的补偿。本文补充了对隐性家庭教育投资的研究,验证了数字普惠对女性群体的惠及作用,从而为数字普惠金融和女性劳动供给决策提供了新的研究视角。

In typical Chinese families,mothers take on more responsibilities for caring for children.In particular,they will increase the time and energy investment on their children's education the year before their children take the NSEEE(next-stage education entrance examination).This increased education investment may lead them to suffer labor losses.This article discusses and empirically examines these losses in terms of both employment probability and working time.The result shows that children's NSEEE pressure reduces mothers'probability of being employed by 4.47%and decreases mother's weekly working time by 3.26 hours.However,developing inclusive digital finance can to some extent alleviate mothers'labor losses due to the NSEEE pressure.Further analysis indicates that mothers'labor losses mainly occur during the stages of senior high school and college entrance examinations.Digital inclusiveness significantly mitigates the labor losses mothers face during these stages,particularly benefiting middle-aged females who can obtain greater compensation.This article supplements research on implicit household education investment,verifying the beneficial effects of digital inclusiveness on females.Thus,it provides a new research perspective for inclusive digital finance and female labor supply decisions.