鲜、干铁皮石斛营养及功效成分的含量差异研究

Differences of nutritional and functional component content between fresh and dried Dendrobium officinale

目的比较鲜、干铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale,D.officinale)营养及功效成分的含量差异。方法采用紫外分光光度法检测新鲜及干燥铁皮石斛中总多糖、可溶性蛋白质、总酚及总黄酮的含量,用基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电轨道阱质谱法的代谢组学技术鉴定花色苷的种类及检测相对含量,寻找鲜、干铁皮石斛的差异性花色苷。结果铁皮石斛鲜品中可溶性蛋白质、总酚及总黄酮的含量高于干品,而干品中总多糖含量高于鲜品。从铁皮石斛中鉴定出6类30种花色苷成分,其中包含14种酰基化花色苷。飞燕草素3-(6-鼠李糖基半乳糖苷)为含量最高的花色苷,在鲜品中的含量高于干品。牵牛花素3-葡萄糖苷-5-(6-乙酰葡糖苷)是差异性花色苷,在干品中的含量较高,但其相对含量较低。结论鲜、干铁皮石斛的营养成分及功效成分有差异,在实际应用中可结合保健及药用目的合理选用。

Objective To compare the differences of nutritional and functional component content between fresh and dried Dendrobium officinale(D.officinale).Methods The content of total polysaccharide,soluble protein,total phenol,and total flavone were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Anthocyanins were identified and detected using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry,and the specific anthocyanins were found.Results The content of soluble protein,total phenol,and total flavone in fresh D.officinale were higher than those in dried D.officinale.However,the content of total polysaccharides in dried D.officinale was higher than those in fresh D.officinale.A total of 6 categories and 30 types of anthocyanins were identified from D.officinale,including 14 kinds of acylated anthocyanins.Delphinidin 3-(6-rhamnosylgalactoside)was the main anthocyanin of D.officinale.Moreover,the content of delphinidin 3-(6-rhamnosylgalactoside)of fresh D.officinale was higher than that of dried D.officinale.Petunidin 3-glucoside-5-(6-acetylglucoside)was the specific anthocyanin between fresh and dried D.officinale,and the relative content of petunidin 3-glucoside-5-(6-acetylglucoside)in dried D.officinale was higher than that in fresh D.officinale.However,the content of petunidin 3-glucoside-5-(6-acetylglucoside)was low.Conclusion The nutritional and functional component content of fresh and dried D.officinale were different.Therefore,it should be used reasonably for health care and medicinal purposes in practical application.