2019一2020年北京市昌平区疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果分析

Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Changping district of Beijing,2019-2020

目的 分析2019-2020年北京市昌平区疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)报告发生情况,评估疫苗安全性。方法 通过北京市预防接种管理系统和中国免疫规划信息系统AEFI监测系统收集2019-2020年疫苗接种数据和AEFI监测系统报告的个案数据,进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2019-2020年共报告AEFI 500例,报告发生率为22.60/10万,严重AEFI发生率为1.13/10万。一般反应报告发生率为14.83/10万,以发热、红肿、硬结为主;异常反应报告发生率为5.51/10万,以过敏性皮疹为主,严重异常反应临床诊断主要为热性惊厥和血小板减少性紫癜,均痊愈。AEFI男女性别比为1.18∶1;3岁以下儿童占82.20%;主要分布在3-8月、占64.20%;接种疫苗后1 d内发生的不良反应占74.22%。AEFI发现后24 h内报告率、AEFI报告后48 h内调查率、预防接种单位AEFI报告覆盖率均为100.00%。结论 昌平区AEFI监测系统运转良好,使用的疫苗安全性较好,应继续提升监测敏感性,重点加强小年龄儿童和接种后24 h内的AEFI监测。

Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse event following immunization(AEFI)in Changping district of Beijing,2019-2020,and assess vaccine safety.Methods Collect vaccination data from 2019 to 2020 and case data reported by the AEFI monitoring system through the Beijing Vaccination Management System and the China Immunization Planning Information System AEFI monitoring system,and conduct descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results During 2019-2020,a total of 500 cases of AEFIs were reported in Changping district with a reported incidence rate of 22.60/100000,Incidence of serious AEFI as of 1.13/100000.The incidence of general response report was 14.83/100000,with fever,swelling,induration;Abnormal reaction reported the incidence of 5.51/100000,mainly to allergic skin rash.The clinical diagnosis of severe abnormal reactions were mainly febrile convulsion and thrombocytopenic purpura,all of which were cured.The number of male and female sex ratios was 1.18:1;Children under 3 years old accounted for 82.20%;Mainly distributed in 3 to 8 months for 64.20%.After vaccination<1 day occurred accounted for 74.22%.The reporting rate within 24 hours after AEFI discovery,the investigation rate within 48 hours after AEFI report,and the coverage rate of AEFI report in vaccination units were 100.00%.Conclusions AEFI surveillance system is working well in Changping district,and the vaccines used are relatively safe,should continue to improve monitoring sensitivity,emphasis should be given to strengthening small age children and AEFI monitoring within 24 hours of vaccination.