新闻语体与文艺语体词汇特征差异的多维定量分析

A multi-dimensional quantitative analysis of lexical feature differences between news and literary registers

本文从量化词汇特征的角度探究新闻语体与文艺语体的差异。具体方法是:分别构建两种语体的等规模语料库,从中提取52个区分语体的词汇层潜在特征;采用Biber多维度分析法对这些特征进行因子分析,得到五个比较重要的特征维度;通过对词汇特征作微观分析将五个特征维度解释为五个功能维度;最后计算新闻语体和文艺语体的维度分,进而比较语体间的功能差异。结果发现:新闻语体的词汇更具信息性、非互动性、丰富性、非描述性和惯用性,文艺语体的词汇更具叙事性、互动性、单调性、描述性和特用性。

This paper aims to explore the differences between the news register and the literary register from the perspective of quantifying lexical features.The specific method is as follows.Corpora of equal size for both registers were built,from which 52 potential lexical features distinguishing the registers were extracted.Biber's multi-dimensional analysis method is then conducted to analyze these features,yielding five relatively important dimensions.These dimensions are explained as functional through a micro analysis of the lexical features.Finally,the dimension scores of the news and literary registers were calculated to contrast the functional differences between them.The results show that words in the news register tend to be more informational,non-interactive,diverse in variety,non-descriptive and idiomatic,while words in the literary register are more narrative,interactive,limited in variety,descriptive and location-specific.