扶贫政策对农村家庭子女接受高等教育的影响——来自中国家庭金融调查数据的证据

The Effect of Poverty Alleviation Policy on the Children of Rural Families Receiving Higher Education:Evidence from China Household Finance Survey Data

我国脱贫攻坚事业的全面成功,不仅带来了农村地区经济社会发展和人民生活水平提升,也在一定程度上有利于农村家庭子女高等教育入学机会的提升。研究基于2012—2018年中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS),采用双重差分(DID)方法,以2014年开始的精准扶贫政策为政策工具,测算和评估了扶贫政策对我国农村家庭高等教育入学机会的政策效应。研究发现,精准扶贫政策的实施,使农村贫困户家庭子女的平均高等教育入学机会提升约5.7%,主要体现在接受大专以上层次教育概率的显著提升,但对本科以上层次受教育机会的提高不明显。研究结论为评估我国扶贫工作的政策效应,推动新时代脱贫成果巩固与乡村振兴有效衔接,促进高等教育机会公平提供了必要的经验证据。

The comprehensive success of China's poverty alleviation efforts has not only brought about economic and social development in rural areas and an improvement in people's living standards,but also to a certain extent benefits the improvement of higher education opportunities for children from rural families.The study is based on the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)data from 2012 to 2018,using the Double Difference(DID)method and the Precision Poverty Alleviation Policy starting in 2014 as the main policy tool,to measure and evaluate the policy effect of poverty alleviation policies on higher education opportunities for rural families in China.Research has found that the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policies has increased the average higher education enrollment opportunities of children from rural impoverished households by about 5.7%,mainly reflected in a significant increase in the probability of receiving education at the college level or above,but the improvement in education opportunities at the undergraduate level or above is not significant.The research conclusion provides necessary empirical evidence for evaluating the policy effects of poverty alleviation work in China,promoting the effective connection between the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements in the new era and rural revitalization,and promoting fair opportunities for higher education.