性别研究方法论再审视

AReview of Gender Research Methodologies

科学研究的方法论问题是个老生常谈却也始终未及终了的问题。从历史上看,无论自然科学还是社会科学,正是在试图摆脱宗教和政治羁的过程中,才得以走向学术的规范化和专业化,逐步建立起学术共同体自身的权威性,因而所谓学术独立性的倡导,长期以来与价值中立的方法论和研究范式紧密关联。然而有趣的是,自20世纪中叶以来,伴随着对科学主义的知识一价值两分法的质疑,对研究的情境性和反身性的强调,作为研究者或被研究者的人的主体性被看见并得到空前尊重,因而过去以追求“客观性”为宗旨的各种研究假设和路径,被斥为终究是虚幻、不接地气的想象。

As a social structure,gender has a complicated relationship with material and institutions.Feminist movement and its expansion since the 1990s have greatly updated the gender theory and practice.Since the beginning of this century,gender in political discourse and its conflicts generated by gender culture and various social systems have brought new issues to gender studies.Gender studies need to focus on the construction of new social relations on the basis of identity.