基于RVA法喀斯特流域水库水文特征变化分析——以红枫湖为例

Analysis of Hydrological Characteristics Changes in Karst Reservoirs Based on RVA Method-A Case Study of Hongfeng Lake

由于贵州喀斯特地貌发育显著,导致水资源分布不均,各类用水无法得到充分保障。根据统计数据,贵州目前拥有大约2000座水库,其中大部分水库已从发电和防洪功能转变为主要以供水为目的,其次兼顾发电和防洪。研究以贵州红枫湖水库为研究区域,采用被广泛应用于水库水文特征变化评估的变异性范围法(Range of Variability Approach,RVA),对其进行分析。根据主要水文信息,从流速变化幅度、持续时间、频次、历时性和变化率等多个角度,分析了33个关键生态价值参数的水文情势变化规律。水文情势的变化规律是影响河流流域生态系统结构和功能变化的重要驱动因素。综合分析国际水文演变指数(IHA)的基础上,定量分析了喀斯特流域水库水文情势特征的变化规律,为流域规划决策提供了数据和理论基础。

Due to the significant development of karst landforms in Guizhou,the distribution of water resources is uneven,and various types of water uses cannot be fully guaranteed.According to statistical data,Guizhou currently has approximately 2000 reservoirs,most of which have shifted their primary functions from power generation and flood control to primarily water supply,with secondary considerations for power generation and flood control.This study focuses on the Hongfeng Lake Reservoir in Guizhou as the research area and employs the widely applied Range of Variability Approach(RVA)for evaluating the changes in reservoir hydrological characteristics.Based on key hydrological information,the study analyzes the hydrological regime changes of 33 crucial ecological parameters from various perspectives,including the magnitude of flow rate changes,duration,frequency,persistence,and rate of change.The dynamics of hydrological conditions are a significant driving factor affecting the structural and functional changes in the river basin ecosystem.Building upon the comprehensive analysis of the International Hydrological Alteration(IHA)index,this study quantitatively analyzes the changing patterns of hydrological conditions in the karst basin reservoirs,providing a foundation of data and theory for basin planning and decision-making.