巨噬细胞极化在椎间盘退变的作用研究现状

Current research on role of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration

持续性的下腰背部疼痛(low back pain, LBP)是人们求医以及导致残疾的主要原因,导致了巨大的医疗负担。腰椎间盘(intervertebral disc, IVD)退变、背根神经节、肌肉等脊柱组织结构和功能异常可诱发或加重LBP,其中椎间盘退变被认为是引起LBP最重要的因素,而年龄又是IVD退变的关键因素,因为衰老会加剧椎间盘退变和疾病的进展。有研究表明,巨噬细胞在人和啮齿动物退变的IVD中都有浸润,且巨噬细胞的数量与椎间盘退变程度呈正相关。本文综述了目前巨噬细胞极化在椎间盘衰老退变中的研究现状,了解椎间盘衰老的潜在机制,以利于延缓或改善年龄依赖性退化进程,为临床预防和治疗LBP提供参考。

Persistent low back pain(LBP) is the leading cause of health care and disability, resulting in a significant health care burden.Intervertebral disc(IVD) degeneration, dorsal root ganglion, muscle and other spinal tissue structure and function abnormalities can induce or aggravate LBP, among which disc degeneration is considered to be the most important factor causing LBP, while age is also the key factor of IVD degeneration because aging increases disc degeneration and disease progression. Studies have shown that macrophages are infiltrated in both human and rodent degraded IVDs, and the number of macrophages is positively correlated with the degree of disc degeneration. This article reviewed the current research status of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc aging and degeneration, to understand the potential mechanism of intervertebral disc aging, in order to help delay or decrease the age-dependent degeneration process, and provide references for clinical prevention and treatment of LBP.