噪声与危险水平混合条件下危险识别变化特征——基于多模态数据的证据

Changes in hazard identification characteristics under combined conditions of noise and danger levels-evidence based on multimodal data

为探讨噪声和危险水平混合环境下矿工危险识别内在加工过程各指标的变化特征,模拟了有噪声高危险、有噪声低危险、无噪声高危险、无噪声低危险4种不同的环境,召集23名矿工,通过便携式脑电采集系统、人机功效分析系统、无线传感生理仪及E-prime程序采集被试试验中的多模态数据并进行分析。结果表明:噪声环境下被试正确率降低、反应时间变长;噪声环境中P300成分额区波幅最大,噪声影响大脑的高级认知加工,噪声环境下被试心率变异性(Heart Rate Variability,HRV)3个指标都显著升高。噪声对高危险场景的影响更大,无噪声环境下低危险场景往往更难识别,在安全管理中要重视安全隐患的排查。从认知神经科学层面研究危险识别的内在加工机制,为噪声和危险水平对危险识别的影响提供了直接的证据,可为噪声防治以及矿山和煤矿企业安全隐患管理提供一定的依据。

In this study,we aim to investigate the changes in different indicators of miners intrinsic processing during hazard identification tasks in a mixed noise and hazard level environment.Four different environments are simulated:a mixed noise and high hazard environment,a mixed noise and low hazard environment,a mixed noise-free and high hazard environment,and a mixed noise-free and low hazard environment.A total of twenty-three male miners participated in this test,with the exclusion of the influence of gender and noise sensitivity.The multimodal data of the subjects in the mixed environment test are collected using various instruments,including a portable Electroencephalogram(EEG)acquisition system,a man-machine efficacy analysis system,a wireless sensing physiological instrument,and an E prime program.The collected data include reaction time and correct rate of the hazard recognition task,as well as components of the brain s response(P100,P200,and P300)induced by the hazard recognition task.Additionally,three indicators of Heart Rate Variability(HRV)are analyzed,including time domain analysis indicators[heart rate HR(bpm),heartbeat interval IBI(ms)],and frequency domain analysis index(sympathetic and parasympathetic dynamic balance index:LF/HF).The results demonstrate that the correctness rate of hazard recognition decreases and reaction time increases in the presence of noise.The amplitude of the P300 component in the frontal area of the brain is significantly higher in the presence of noise,indicating that noise affected higher cognitive processing.All three HRV indexes are significantly elevated in a noisy environment.Furthermore,noise has a greater impact on high-hazard scenes,while low-hazard scenes are more difficult to identify in the absence of noise.These findings highlight the importance of emphasizing safety hazards in noise-free environments for effective safety management.This study provides direct evidence of the effects of noise and hazard level on hazard recognition,offering a scientific basis for noise prevention and control,as well as safety hazard management in mining and coal mining enterprises.