探究未成年刑事诉讼程序——协同引入“恶意补足”规则与“国家亲权”理念为视角

On the Juvenile Criminal Procedure:From the Perspective of Introducing the Rule of“Malicious Complement”and the Concept of“Parens Patriae”

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视法治建设,从坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的全局和战略高度定位法治、布局法治、厉行法治,坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进,法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设,开创了法治中国的新局面。全国人民法治素养整体提升,为我国建成社会主义法治强国奠定了基础。但随着我国经济实力以及科技水平的高速发展,我国低龄儿童犯罪率提高、对未达到刑事责任年龄的犯罪者管理规治力度不足等问题逐渐显露,而结合我国现有的未成年刑事诉讼程序很难对低龄儿童犯罪进行有效的遏制。笔者通过参考文献、书籍,总结得出,当前大多数英美法系国家对未成年诉讼程序多采用“恶意补足”规则以及“国家亲权”,并产生了良好成效,本文鉴于此,探讨“恶意补足”规则与“国家亲权”理论并根植于我国本土的未成年诉讼程序,为有效规制我国低龄儿童犯罪问题提出建议,为我国法治强国的建设保驾护航。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,with General Secretary Xi Jinping as its core,the Party Central Committee has attached great importance to the construction of the rule of law.Administrative advancement in accordance with the law,and the construction of the country,the government and the society under the rule of law have ushered in a new era in China.The legal literacy of the entire population has improved,laying the foundation for building China into a strong socialist rule-of-law country.However,with the rapid development of economy and technology,issues such as an increasing juvenile crime rate and insufficient regulation of juveniles have gradually emerged.The existing juvenile criminal procedure in China is not effective in curbing juvenile delinquency.This article suggests that,many common law countries,mainly from the Anglo-American legal tradition,employ the rule of“malicious supplement”and the doctrine of“parens patriae”in dealing with juvenile criminal procedures,and have produced good results.This article discusses the applicability of“malicious supplement”and“parens patriae”in China’s juvenile criminal procedures,in order to address the issue of juvenile delinquency in China.