秦岭雄性大熊猫繁殖行为监测与种公兽培育

Breeding Cultivation and Reproductive Behavior Monitoring of Qinling Male Giant Pandas

提高大熊猫的人工繁育水平是维持大熊猫圈养种群数量的关键。圈养大熊猫的选择性择偶交配和自然交配受孕率低是制约秦岭大熊猫圈养繁殖的主要因素,而种公兽的成功培育是提高圈养繁殖的重要环节。本研究通过对4只秦岭大熊猫雄性个体进行健康状态评估、体重和粪便量监测、精子质量检测、日常行为和繁殖行为培训以及最佳放对时间确定等试验,成功培育大熊猫种公兽2只,5年期间成功繁育幼仔15胎21仔,受孕率由2018年的20%上升到2022年的66.7%。研究结果为大熊猫种公兽培育技术推广、提高圈养大熊猫繁育数量提供了重要参考。

Improving the level of artificial breeding is the key to maintaining the captive population of giant pandas.The selective mating and the low pregnancy rate of natural mating are the main factors which restricting the improvement of the captive breeding of Qinling giant pandas.Among them,the successful breeding of male giant pandas is an important step to improve the captive breeding ability.In this study,through health status assessment,body weight and feces quantity monitoring,sperm quality test,daily behavior and reproductive behavior training,and the optimal pairing time determination,two of the four male giant pandas were successfully breeding.During the five years,21 cubs from 15 parities were successfully breeding,and the pregnancy rate increased from 20%in 2018 to 66.7%in 2022.The results of this study provide a reference for the promotion of breeding technology of male giant pandas and increasing the population number of captive giant pandas.