声波沿井筒内注入水长距离传输可行性研究

Experimental Study on Long Distance Acoustic Transmission in Water Injection Wells

注水是油田开发中提高采收率、保持油田高产稳产的有效手段。目前,常见的注水工艺包括电缆投捞、预置电缆、无缆注水工艺等。无缆注水工艺常见的信号载波方式为压力载波和声波载波。针对探索声波在井筒内液体的长距离传输规律及声波通信无缆注水工艺可行性,进行了试验研究。将声波发射器放置在井口,通过地面控制器控制发射器发射不同频率的声波信号,接收器置于1 200 m井下,井筒内灌满液体,声波沿井筒内液体传输。对声波在井筒内传输的关键影响参数,如井深、声波频率、注水噪声等,设计了试验流程。试验结果表明,注水对声波信号传输影响很大,不注水条件下,100、168、250 Hz单频信号均可在经过1 200 m井下传输后被检测到,满足通信要求,且100 Hz声波信号随井筒距离增加衰减最小。研究结果首次验证了声波沿井筒内液体长距离传输的可行性,为声波通信无缆注水工艺研究打下了基础。

Water injection is an effective way to improve oil recovery and maintain high and stable production in oil field development.At present,the common water injection methods include cable fishing,preset cable wireless water injection technology,etc.The common signal carrier modes of the wireless water injection process are pressure carrier and acoustic carrier.In order to explore the transmission law of acoustic waves in the wellbore and to verify the feasibility of wireless water injection technology based on acoustic communication,the wellbore acoustic wave transmission test was studied in this paper.The acoustic transmitter was placed at the wellhead,the transmitter was controlled by the ground controller to transmit acoustic signals of different frequencies,and the receiver was placed 1200 m below ground.Aiming at the main influencing parameters of sound wave transmission in the borehole,such as borehole depth,sound wave frequency,water injection noise,and so on,the test procedure was designed.The test results show that 100 Hz,168 Hz,and 250 Hz single-frequency signals can be detected after 1200 m underground transmission,which meets the communication requirements.The research results of this paper lay a foundation for the research of wireless intelligent water injection technology based on acoustic communication.