高速轴向柱塞泵空化机制研究与优化

Research and Optimization of Cavitation Mechanism of High-Speed Axial Piston Pump

为降低高速轴向柱塞的空化程度,以某型号轴向柱塞泵为例,利用Pumplinx软件搭建CFD仿真模型,探究不同转速与不同吸油口压力对泵空化程度的影响,并结合MATLAB软件对离散的仿真结果进行拟合,得到转速、吸油口压力与吸油效率的变化规律曲线。研究结果表明:当柱塞腔内气体体积达到12%以上,柱塞泵吸油效率下降甚至无法吸油;通过提高吸油口压力可以有效降低柱塞腔的空化程度,提高柱塞泵吸油效率;为了保证泵在5000~6000 r/min下能够正常吸油且有较高的吸油效率,可以使吸油口压力值介于0.25~0.30 MPa之间,此时柱塞腔空化程度和吸油效率均达到相对稳定。

To mitigate cavitation in high-speed axial plunger pumps,a specific type of axial piston pump was focused on.Utilizing Pumplinx software,a CFD simulation model was developed to investigate the impact of varying speeds and suction port pressures on cavitation levels.The discrete simulation results were then analyzed using MATLAB software,yielding curves illustrating the relationships between speed,suction port pressure,and suction efficiency.The findings indicate the following:when the gas volume in the plunger cavity exceeds 12%,the oil suction efficiency of the plunger pump diminishes,potentially leading to failure in oil absorption;elevating the pressure at the suction port proves effective in reducing cavitation within the plunger cavity,consequently enhancing the oil suction efficiency of the pump;to ensure normal oil absorption and high efficiency within the range of 5000 r/min to 6000 r/min,maintaining the suction port pressure between 0.25 MPa and 0.30 MPa is recommended.Within this pressure range,the cavitation degree and oil absorption efficiency of the plunger cavity remain relatively stable.