基于AMESim的工程机械用斜盘式轴向柱塞马达变速特性分析

Analysis of Variable Speed Characteristics of Swash Plate Axial Piston Motor for Construction Machinery Based on AMESim

为适应不同负载的需要,轴向柱塞马达在工作时需不断进行高、低速之间的转换,在高、低速转换过程中产生的冲击力可能会造成滑靴脱落、柱塞卡死和压盘断裂等一系列问题,因此需要对马达的变速特性进行分析。以某公司5.0×105 N挖掘机用轴向柱塞马达为例,利用AMESim软件搭建了柱塞马达的液压控制模型,通过阶跃信号模拟变速过程,研究斜盘角度变化过程中柱塞腔中的压力变化规律。从改变斜盘转换的频率和柱塞滑靴组件不同响应时间两个方面分析柱塞腔压力变化情况,并分析了不同压力下柱塞的应力应变。通过分析可知:柱塞滑靴组件最优响应时间为0.17 s,当响应时间大于0.17 s时斜盘转换频率对柱塞腔压力影响不大;高低速转换时响应时间过快是导致柱塞卡滞在缸孔内的主要原因之一。

In order to adapt to the needs of different loads,the axial piston motor needs to be continuously converted between high and low speed when working,and the impact force generated in the process of high and low speed conversion may cause a series of problems such as sliding boots falling off,plunger stuck and pressure disc breaking,so it is necessary to analyze the variable speed characteristics of the motor.Based on an axial piston motor used in a 5.0×105 N excavator,the hydraulic control model of the piston motor was built using AMESim software.The step signal was used to simulate the variable speed process,and the pressure change rule in the plunger cavity during the angle change of the swash plate was studied.The variation of pressure in the plunger chamber was analyzed from the two aspects of changing the frequency of swash plate conversion and different response time of the plunger boot assembly.The stress and strain of the plunger under different pressures were analyzed also.The results show that the optimal response time of the plunger shoe assembly is 0.17 s,and the swash plate conversion frequency has little effect on the pressure of the plunger chamber when the response time is greater than 0.17 s.One of the main reasons for plunger stuck in cylinder hole is that the response time is too fast during high and low speed conversion.