有机纳滤膜技术研究进展

Review of Organic Nanofiltration Membrane Technology

纳滤作为一种介于反渗透和超滤间的压力驱动膜工艺,具有操作压力低、选择性强、分离效率高、节能环保等优势。有机纳滤膜作为一种化学稳定性高、力学性能及热稳定性良好的高性能膜,能有效解决膜孔径和膜污染难控制等问题,在水处理、食品加工、药品制造和化工产品的分离中展现出较好的应用前景。文章分析了有机纳滤膜截留分离的作用机制,包括空间位阻效应、道南效应和介电排斥效应,探讨了有机纳滤膜的制备和改性方法,综述其在生物技术、制药应用、废水处理及有机溶剂纳滤(OSN)膜领域的最新应用进展,并对其今后的发展走向和所面临的挑战进行展望,旨在为纳滤膜处理技术的发展提供一定的参考。

Nanofiltration,as a pressure-driven membrane process situated between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration,has advantages such as low operating pressure,strong selectivity,high separation efficiency,energy conservation,and environmental protection.Organic nanofiltration membrane,as a high-performance membrane with high chemical stability,good mechanical and thermal stability,can effectively solve the problems of membrane pore size and difficult control of membrane fouling.It has shown good application prospects in water treatment,food processing,pharmaceutical manufacturing,and separation of chemical products.The article analyzes the retention and separation mechanisms of organic nanofiltration membrane,including steric hindrance effects,Donnan effects,and dielectric repulsion effects.It discusses the preparation and modification methods of organic nanofiltration membranes,reviews the latest application progress in the fields of biotechnology,pharmaceutical applications,wastewater treatment,and organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN)membranes,and looks forward to its future development trends and challenges,aiming to provide a certain reference for the development of nanofiltration membrane treatment technology.