锂离子电池热失控阻隔材料研究进展与展望

Materials for insulating lithium-ion battery thermal runaway:Review and prospect

全球环境污染与能源短缺问题的持续升级,使得锂离子电池等新型储能技术成为新能源革命中的重要方案。然而,电池的安全隐患,尤其是大规模电池组热失控及其传播触发的火灾风险,是电池储能行业进一步规模化的关键问题。文章把握行业痛点,总结了抑制电池热失控及其传播的阻隔材料的研究进展,并从吸热、隔热、吸热-隔热协同三方面对阻隔材料的功能进行分类评价。最后,整理了系统级电池热失控及其火灾的仿真模型与抑制策略,有助于厘清阻隔材料抑制电池热失控火蔓延的研究脉络,为后续的创新性研究工作提供思路。

Environmental and energy issues have increased the demand for advanced energy storage technologies,such as lithium-ion batteries,as a key component in this round of new energy revolution.However,lithium-ion batteries face safety issues,es⁃pecially fire hazards caused by large-scale thermal runaway and its spread.This paper addresses these challenges and summarizes the methods of applying insulating materials to prevent thermal run⁃away and its propagation.It summaries the functions of different insulation materials in terms of heat absorption,heat insulation,and their combination.Moreover,it reviews the numerical mod⁃els for studying battery thermal runaway and fire and its preven⁃tive measures at the system level.The aim of this paper is to clarify the research and development of insulating materials and provide ideas for future innovation.