纤维素基水凝胶抑制磷酸铁锂电池火灾性能研究

Study on fire suppression performance of cellulose based hydrogel for lithium iron phosphate battery

近年来,锂离子电池火灾事故频发,且火灾事故的后果也极为严重,开发锂离子电池高效灭火剂成为研究的热点之一。本文采用高分子材料、交联剂与阻燃剂合成了一种纤维素基阻燃水凝胶,并与水按比例复配成水凝胶灭火剂,搭建锂离子电池灭火试验平台进行了灭火试验。灭火试验表明,与纯细水雾相比,该种水凝胶灭火剂能够更快速地降低电池表面的温度并有效扑灭明火,高温时,能够覆盖于电池表面,起到持续降温的作用,有效降低了第二温度峰的高度。且加入阻燃剂后能够进一步提高降温速率,对磷酸铁锂电池具有良好的灭火效果,可用于锂离子电池应急消防灭火工作中。

In recent years,lithium-ion battery fire accidents have occurred frequently,and the consequences of fire accidents are also extremely serious.Developing high-efficiency fire extinguish-ing agents for lithium-ion batteries has become one of the re-search hotspots.In this paper,a kind of cellulose based flame-retardant hydrogel was synthesized by using polymer materials,crosslinking agent and flame retardant,and mixed with water in proportion to form a hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.The fire ex-tinguishing experiment shows that,compared with pure water mist,this kind of hydrogel extinguishing agent can reduce the sur-face temperature of the battery more quickly and put out the open fire.At high temperature,it can cover the battery surface,play a role of continuous cooling,and effectively reduce the height of the second temperature peak.Moreover,the addition of flame retar-dants can further increase the cooling rate,which has a good fire extinguishing effect on lithium iron phosphate batteries and can be used for emergency fire extinguishing of lithium-ion batteries.